Introduction Hydroponics is a method of growing plants without soil using nutrient-rich water solutions to nourish the roots directly. This innovative agricultural technique has gained traction for its ability to produce food in urban setting and minimize water usage. By providing precise control over nutrient delivery, hydroponics enables farmers to cultivate a variety of crops year-round, regardless of climate or

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Introduction Hydroponics is the method of growing plants without soil which relies on precise control of environmental factors to ensure optimal plant growth and health. Among these factors, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) levels play an important role in determining nutrient availability and overall plant performance. What is pH and Electrical Conductivity in Hydroponics pH measures the acidity or alkalinity

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